Centre du droit de l'art
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr
Pulcinell Sculpture – Budge Heirs v. Anonymous Purchaser
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/pulcinell-sculpture-2013-budge-heirs-v-anonymous-purchaser
A sculpture of Pulcinell was purchased by an anonymous buyer at auction in London in 2016. The buyer applied for an export license and the case came before the Reviewing Committee on the Export of Works of Art and Objects of Cultural Interest of the United Kingdom. During the review, it was discovered that the sculpture had been subject to forced sale by Nazis in 1937. The heirs of Emma Budge, the dispossessed owner of the sculpture, discovering what had become of the sculpture, attempted to secure its restitution.No publisherRequest denied/rejet de la demandeInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelArtwork/oeuvre d’artOwnership/propriétéUnited Kingdom/Royaume-UniBudge HeirsConciliationNazi looted art/spoliations naziesProcedural issue/limites procédurales2019/08/13 11:55:00 GMT+1Page200 Paintings – Goudstikker Heirs and the Netherlands
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/200-paintings-2013-goudstikker-heirs-and-the-netherlands
The art collection of Jacques Goudstikker was acquired by the Nazi commander Hermann Göring under suspicious circumstances during the Second World War. A large part of the collection was recovered by the Allied Forces after the war and it was subsequently returned to the Netherlands where it was labelled “Dutch national property”. The first part of these items was bought back by Goudstikker’s wife under a settlement agreement of 1952. The Dutch Government returned the second part – 200 paintings – to Marei Von Saher (the only surviving heir of Jacques Goudstikker) in 2006 based on a recommendation of the Dutch Restitution Committee.No publisherNazi looted art/spoliations naziesNegotiation/négociationNetherlands/Pays-BasJudicial claim/action en justiceRequest denied/rejet de la demandeArtwork/oeuvre d’artSettlement agreement/accord transactionnelUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionJacques GoudstikkerOwnership/propriétéInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelConciliationRepurchase/rachat2013/04/08 14:25:00 GMT+1PageFoxes – Grawi Heirs v. City of Düsseldorf
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/foxes-2013-grawi-heirs-v-city-of-dusseldorf-1
Kurt Grawi, a Jewish businessman, was persecuted by the Nazi regime. Before fleeing Germany, he managed to transport the painting "Foxes" to the USA, where he sold it in 1940 to secure a living for himself and his family in exile. In view of the close connection between the persecution and the sale of the painting, the German Advisory Commission recommended the restitution of the "Foxes" to the Grawi heirs. The painting was returned in January 2022.No publisherArtwork/oeuvre d’artKurt GrawiInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelCity of DüsseldorfMediation/médiationUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionNegotiation/négociationGrawi HeirsNazi looted art/spoliations naziesSettlement agreement/accord transactionnel2023/04/12 16:10:00 GMT+1PageFoxes – Grawi Heirs v. City of Düsseldorf
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/foxes-2013-grawi-heirs-v-city-of-dusseldorf-1
Kurt Grawi, a Jewish businessman, was persecuted by the Nazi regime. Before fleeing Germany, he managed to transport the painting "Foxes" to the USA, where he sold it in 1940 to secure a living for himself and his family in exile. In view of the close connection between the persecution and the sale of the painting, the German Advisory Commission recommended the restitution of the "Foxes" to the Grawi heirs. The painting was returned in January 2022.No publisherArtwork/oeuvre d’artKurt GrawiInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelCity of DüsseldorfMediation/médiationUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionNegotiation/négociationGrawi HeirsNazi looted art/spoliations naziesSettlement agreement/accord transactionnel2023/04/12 16:10:00 GMT+1PageLa Seine vue du Pont-Neuf, au fond le Louvre
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/la-seine-vue-du-pont-neuf-au-fond-le-louvre-2013-heritiere-heilbronn-kunstmuseum-de-berne-republique-federale-d2019allemagne-et-etat-libre-de-baviere
Durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le tableau de Camille Pissarro "La Seine vue du Pont-Neuf, au fond le Louvre" appartenant à Max Heilbronn est spolié par le régime nazi. En 2012, lors d'une perquisition chez Cornelius Gurlitt les autorités allemandes saisissent une collection d'œuvres dont le tableau de Camille Pissaro fait partie. Cornelius Gurlitt décède et lègue sa collection au Kunstmuseum de Berne. Le tableau est finalement restitué à l’héritière de Max Heilbronn.No publisherOwnership/propriétéKunstmuseum de BerneArtwork/oeuvre d’artUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionLegacy/legsSchwabinger Kunstfund TaskforceInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelCornelius GurlittRépublique fédérale d'AllemagneHéritière HeilbronnSettlement agreement/accord transactionnelNazi looted art/spoliations naziesEtat libre de BavièreAd hoc facilitator/facilitateur ad hocCommission pour l'indemnisation des victimes de spoliations (CIVS)2020/10/07 15:20:00 GMT+1PageMadonna and Child with Wild Roses – Gross-Eisenstadt Heirs and Utrecht City Council
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/madonna-and-child-with-wild-roses-2013-gross-eisenstadt-heirs-and-utrecht-city-council
German-Jewish businessman Richard Semmel had an extensive art collection which he was forced to sell after fleeing Jewish persecution in Germany. Among this collection was the painting “Madonna and Child with Wild Roses” by Jan van Scorel.No publisherUtrecht City CouncilOwnership/propriétéArtwork/oeuvre d’artRequest denied/rejet de la demandeNazi looted art/spoliations naziesCentraal MuseumSymbolic gesture/geste symboliqueInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelRichard SemmelGross-Eisenstadt Heirs2015/10/14 14:45:00 GMT+1PageFour Old Master Drawings – Feldmann Heirs and the British Museum
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/case-4-old-master-drawings-2013-feldmann-heirs-and-the-british-museum
In May of 2002, the British Museum was confronted with a restitution claim by the heirs of the Second World War victim, Arthur Feldmann, regarding four Old Master drawings. The Commission of Looted Art Europe, who represented the claimant, and the British Museum, jointly sought guidance from the Spoliation Advisory Panel. After deferral of the Attorney General, the High Court held that under the British Museum Act the Museum could not restitute an object in order to meet a moral obligation without an Act of Parliament. Eventually, the British Museum followed the recommendation of the Spoliation Advisory Panel and compensated the family with an ex gratia payment.No publisherDeaccessionArtwork/oeuvre d’artInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelEx gratia payment/versement à titre gracieuxJudicial claim/action en justiceArthur FeldmannNegotiation/négociationSettlement agreement/accord transactionnelBritish Museum2012/11/12 15:45:00 GMT+1PageSix Klimt paintings – Maria Altmann and Austria
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/6-klimt-paintings-2013-maria-altmann-and-austria
Maria Altmann brought suit in the United States against the Republic of Austria and the Austrian National Gallery to recover six paintings by Gustav Klimt that the Nazis took during the Second World War from her Jewish relatives, Ferdinand and Adele Bloch-Bauer. Although the Supreme Court of the United States lifted Austria’s jurisdictional immunity, the disputants reached an agreement to end the litigation and submit the dispute to arbitration in Austria. The arbitration panel ruled that Austria was obliged to return five of the Klimt’s masterpieces to Maria Altmann.No publisherJudicial decision/décision judiciaireConciliationArtwork/oeuvre d’artState immunity/immunité des EtatsArbitral award/décision arbitraleInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelArbitration/arbitrageJudicial claim/action en justiceMaria AltmannUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionAustria/AutricheNazi looted art/spoliations naziesOwnership/propriétéFerdinand and Adele Bloch-BauerAustrian National Gallery2012/11/13 15:55:00 GMT+1PageMasque Makondé – Tanzanie et Musée Barbier-Mueller
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/masque-makonde-tanzanie-et-musee-barbier-mueller
En 2010, le Musée Barbier-Mueller fait don du Masque Makondé à la Tanzanie, et met ainsi fin à un litige qui aura duré plus de 20 ans. Le litige fut porté devant le Comité intergouvernemental de l’UNESCO. L’Office fédéral suisse de la culture (OFC) est aussi intervenu.No publisherMediation/médiationOwnership/propriétéConditional restitution/restitution sous conditionNegotiation/négociationTanzania/TanzaniePost 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution post 1970Musée Barbier-MuellerInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelAd hoc facilitator/facilitateur ad hocIndigenous object/objet autochtoneSwitzerland/Suisse2012/11/16 10:25:00 GMT+1PageThe Windmill – Rüdenberg Heirs v. City of Hannover
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/the-windmill-2013-rudenberg-heirs-v-city-of-hannover
Max Rüdenberg, a Jewish salesman and art collector, acquired several modern art pieces beginning in the late 1910s. Due to the discriminatory Nazi politics, the Rüdenberg family was forced to sell the art collection, including the painting “The Windmill” by Karl Schmidt-Rottluff.No publisherOwnership/propriétéArtwork/oeuvre d’artInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelMax RüdenbergMediation/médiationProcedural issue/limites procéduralesNegotiation/négociationUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionNazi looted art/spoliations naziesCity of HannoverSettlement agreement/accord transactionnel2018/05/16 11:15:00 GMT+1PageTrois tableaux spoliés – Héritiers Oppenheimer, van Doorn, Soepkez et France
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/trois-tableaux-spolies-2013-heritiers-oppenheimer-van-doorn-soepkez-et-france
Le 11 mars 2014, Aurélie Filippetti, Ministre de la Culture et de la Communication du gouvernement français, a officiellement restitué aux ayants-droit des trois familles qui avaient été spoliées par les Nazis (Oppenheimer, van Doorn et Soepkez) trois tableaux qui avaient été classés « Musées Nationaux Récupération ».No publisherOwnership/propriétéArtwork/oeuvre d’artInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelJakob and Rosa OppenheimerRichard SoepkezStatute of limitation/prescriptionUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionNazi looted art/spoliations naziesFranceBaron Cassel van Doorn2014/05/05 14:55:00 GMT+1PageBeneventan Missal – Metropolitan Chapter of the Cathedral City of Benevento and British Library
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/beneventan-missal-2013-metropolitan-chapter-of-the-cathedral-city-of-benevento-and-british-library
On 11 November 2010, a 12th Century manuscript, also known as the “Beneventan Missal”, was returned to the Metropolitan Chapter of the Cathedral City of Benevento, in Italy. The Missal disappeared in 1943 when the city was occupied by the Allied forces during World War II.No publisherDeaccessionStatute of limitation/prescriptionSpoils of war/butins de guerreDue diligenceMetropolitan Chapter of the Cathedral City of BeneventoArtwork/oeuvre d’artUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionBritish LibraryInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelConciliationSpoliation Advisory Panel (UK)2014/07/15 14:55:00 GMT+1PageChrist and the Samaritan Woman at the Well – Gross-Eisenstädt Heirs and Museum de Fundatie
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/christ-and-the-samaritan-woman-2013-gross-eisenstadt-heirs-and-museum-de-fundatie
In 1933, Jewish businessman and art collector Richard Semmel was forced to leave Berlin and sell parts of his art collection for economic survival. Among the works was the Italian painting Christ and the Samaritan Woman at the Well, which was bought by Dirk Hannema, a Dutch museums director. Since 1964, the painting has been in the Museum de Fundatie, which Hannema founded and to which he donated the painting. No publisherSymbolic gesture/geste symboliqueNegotiation/négociationRequest denied/rejet de la demandeInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelGross-Eisenstädt HeirsArtwork/oeuvre d’artOwnership/propriétéRichard SemmelNazi looted art/spoliations naziesMuseum de FundatieLegacy/legs2015/03/03 18:35:00 GMT+1PageRoad to Calvary – Oppenheimer Heirs and Private Person
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/road-to-calvary-2013-oppenheimer-heirs-and-private-person
In 1935, Nazi authorities took from Jakob and Rosa Oppenheimer a painting entitled “Road to Calvary” by Brunswijker Monogrammist and sold it at auction. The painting resurfaced in 2006 when a Dutch private individual brought it to Sotheby’s determined to sell it. Instead of asking for the painting’s restitution, the Oppenheimer heirs demanded a portion of the sale’s proceeds. The Dutch Restitutions Committee issued a binding opinion on the matter, as requested by the parties.No publisherSettlement agreement/accord transactionnelArtwork/oeuvre d’artInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelPrivate person/personne privéeDue diligenceSale/venteNazi looted art/spoliations naziesOwnership/propriétéJakob and Rosa Oppenheimer2012/11/19 09:50:00 GMT+1PageGuelph Treasure – Alan Philipp, Gerald G. Stiebel and Jed R. Leiber v. Germany and Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/case-guelph-treasure-2013-alan-philipp-gerald-g-stiebel-and-jed-r-leiber-v-germany-and-prussian-cultural-heritage-foundation-1
A collection of medieval ecclesiastical art is claimed by the heirs of three Jewish dealers, who allege that the collection was sold under duress during the Nazi era. After an unsuccessful conciliation in front of Germany’s Advisory Commission, the claim is being litigated before the courts of the United States. On 3 February 2021, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in favour of Germany on the interpretation of the expropriation exception in the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act.No publisherJudicial decision/décision judiciaireOngoing dispute/litige en coursGermany/AllemagneConciliationArtwork/oeuvre d’artState immunity/immunité des EtatsExpropriationInstitutional facilitator/facilitateur institutionnelGerald G. StiebelJudicial claim/action en justiceAlan PhilippJed R. LeiberJurisdiction/conflit de jurisdictionState responsibility/responsabilité internationale des EtatsPrussian Cultural Heritage FoundationNazi looted art/spoliations naziesOwnership/propriétéNegotiation/négociation2021/06/28 10:20:00 GMT+1Page