Centre du droit de l'art
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr
Mosaïques de Kanakaria – Autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church of Cyprus et Chypre c. Goldberg
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/mosaiques-de-kanakaria-2013-autocephalous-greek-orthodox-church-of-cyprus-et-chypre-c-goldberg
Quatre mosaïques sont volées dans l’Eglise chypriote du village de Lythrankomi. Une dizaine d’années plus tard, elles sont achetées par Goldberg, une commerçante d’art américaine. L’Eglise chypriote finit par apprendre le lieu où se trouvent les mosaïques et la personne en possession de celles-ci. Peu après, l’Eglise chypriote et la République de Chypre introduisent une action en justice auprès des tribunaux de l’Etat de l’Indiana aux Etats-Unis. No publisherCyprus/ChypreOwnership/propriétéJudicial decision/décision judiciaireJudicial claim/action en justiceUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionStatute of limitation/prescriptionAutocephalous Greek Orthodox Church of CyprusPost 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution post 1970Choice of law/droit applicableDue diligenceAntiquity/antiquitésGoldberg2013/04/25 19:45:00 GMT+1DocumentMercedes Shipwreck – Odyssey Marine Exploration Inc. v. Unidentified Shipwrecked Vessel
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/mercedes-shipwreck-2013-odyssey-marine-exploration-inc-v-unidentified-shipwrecked-vessel
In 2007, Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc. found a shipwreck of the Spanish Royal Navy Frigate Nuestra Senora de las Mercedes, loaded with many tonnes of coins. Odyssey filed an in rem action in the United States federal court to get legal title to the shipwreck and the coins, but the court found that they did not have the jurisdiction to decide the case according to the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act. As a result, the Mercedes and its cargo were given over to the custody of Spain.No publisherAct of StateOwnership/propriétéJudicial decision/décision judiciairePeru/PérouJudicial claim/action en justiceState immunity/immunité des EtatsRequest denied/rejet de la demandeAnti-seizure legislation/garantie de restitutionArchaeological object/objet archéologiqueSpain/EspagneUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionColonialism/colonialismeOdyssey Marine ExplorationJurisdiction/conflit de jurisdictionUnited States/États-UnisPost 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution post 19702015/12/08 15:30:00 GMT+1DocumentMatisse Painting – Jeanneret v. Vichey
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/matisse-painting-2013-jeanneret-v-vichey
A painting by Henri Matisse was unlawfully exported from Italy to New York because its owner, Anna Vichey, never acquired the mandatory export license in 1970. The painting was then sold to a Swiss art dealer named Marie Jeanneret and delivered to Geneva, Switzerland. After discovering the cloud on the title of the painting, Mme. Jeanneret was unable to sell the painting. No publisherIllicit exportation/exportation illiciteAnna and Luben VicheyArtwork/oeuvre d’artJudicial claim/action en justiceBreach of contract/violation du contratMarie Louis JeanneretItaly/Italie2015/02/17 18:15:00 GMT+1DocumentMaori Panels – New Zealand and Ortiz Heirs
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/maori-panels-2013-new-zealand-and-ortiz-heirs-1
In 1972, five rare Maori wooden panels were discovered in a swamp in New Zealand’s North Island. Shortly after the discovery, the panels were illegally exported out of the country by an antiquities dealer and then bought by Swiss collector George Ortiz. In 2014 New Zealand obtained the return of the Maori panels by virtue of an agreement with the heirs of Ortiz.No publisherRequest denied/rejet de la demandeIndigenous object/objet autochtoneIllicit exportation/exportation illiciteConditional restitution/restitution sous conditionSale/venteJudicial claim/action en justiceNegotiation/négociationEnforcement of foreign law/applicabilité du droit public étrangerNew-Zealand/Nouvelle-ZélandeOrtiz HeirsPost 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution post 1970Te Papa MuseumChoice of law/droit applicableGeorge OrtizRepurchase/rachatSettlement agreement/accord transactionnelJudicial decision/décision judiciaire2018/11/20 16:45:00 GMT+1DocumentManuscrit du Marquis de Sade – Héritier Nordmann et héritier de Noailles et Gérard Lhéritier
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/manuscrit-du-marquis-de-sade-2013-heritier-nordmann-et-heritier-de-noailles-et-gerard-lheritier
Les « Cent Vingt Journées de Sodome » du Marquis de Sade avait été dérobé à la famille de Nouailles puis acquis par un collectionneur suisse – Gérard Nordmann – qui a toujours refusé de la rendre. C’est grâce à un accord entre l’héritier des Nouailles et l’héritier Nordmann que le manuscrit a pu retourner en France, où il a été classé trésor national en 2017.No publisherJudicial decision/décision judiciaireCriminal offence/infraction pénaleArtwork/oeuvre d’artDue diligenceIllicit exportation/exportation illiciteJudicial claim/action en justiceFinancial compensation/indemnisationNegotiation/négociationPost 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution post 1970Sale/venteSettlement agreement/accord transactionnel2014/08/27 16:40:00 GMT+1DocumentMadame Cézanne in the Conservatory – Konowaloff v. Metropolitan Museum of Art
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/madame-cezanne-in-the-conservatory-konowaloff-v-met
Ivan Morozov’s extensive art collection, which included the painting by Cézanne called Madame Cézanne in the Conservatory, was confiscated by the Bolsheviks and declared property of the state. Stephen Clark purchased Madame Cézanne in the Conservatory from the Second Museum of Western Art in 1933. Upon his death, he bequeathed the painting to the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Pierre Konowaloff, Morozov’s heir, brought an action for restitution of the painting in the United States federal courts. His claim was unsuccessful and the Metropolitan Museum of Art retained the painting. No publisherJudicial decision/décision judiciaireIvan MorozovRequest denied/rejet de la demandeArtwork/oeuvre d’artExpropriationMetropolitan Museum of ArtAct of StateJudicial claim/action en justicePre 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution pre 1970Ownership/propriétéPierre Konowaloff2016/08/03 16:55:00 GMT+1DocumentMachu Picchu Collection – Peru and Yale University
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/machu-picchu-collection-2013-peru-and-yale-university
Between 1912 and 1916, Hiram Bingham, a history professor at Yale University, shipped to the United States several artefacts that had been excavated at the Machu Picchu site with the authorization of the Peruvian Government. Peru formally requested restitution in 1918 and 1920, but to no avail. In 2001, negotiations between Peru and Yale University resumed. However, the resulting accord discontented the Peruvian Government. As a result, Peru filed suit in the United States against Yale University seeking the return of the collection and damages.No publisherPeru/PérouOwnership/propriétéYale UniversityConditional restitution/restitution sous conditionCultural cooperation/coopération culturelleJudicial claim/action en justiceNegotiation/négociationStatute of limitation/prescriptionDiplomatic channel/voie diplomatiqueArchaeological object/objet archéologiquePre 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution pre 1970Settlement agreement/accord transactionnelAd hoc facilitator/facilitateur ad hoc2013/02/19 13:35:00 GMT+1DocumentLydian Hoard – Turkey and Metropolitan Museum of Art
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/lydian-hoard-2013-turkey-and-metropolitan-museum-of-art-1
The Lydian Hoard is a sixth-century B.C. collection of gold and silver objects which was clandestinely excavated in Turkey in the 1960s. It was purchased by the Metropolitan Museum of Art (MET) of New York. A formal demand for its return was made by Turkey in 1986.No publisherOwnership/propriétéIllicit exportation/exportation illiciteMetropolitan Museum of ArtCultural cooperation/coopération culturelleJudicial claim/action en justiceNegotiation/négociationStatute of limitation/prescriptionTurkey/TurquieArchaeological object/objet archéologiquePre 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution pre 1970Due diligenceIllicit excavation/fouille illiciteSettlement agreement/accord transactionnelUnconditional restitution/restitution sans condition2013/02/19 12:55:00 GMT+1DocumentLandscape with Smokestacks – Friedrich Gutmann Heirs and Daniel Searle
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/landscape-with-smokestacks-2013-friedrich-gutmann-heirs-and-daniel-searle
The heirs of Friedrich and Louise Gutmann, filed a claim against the art dealer Daniel Searle, the owner of the painting “Landscape with Smokestacks”. The painting was allegedly looted by the Nazis during the Second World War. After four years of litigation, the parties agreed to share the ownership of the painting. No publisherOwnership/propriétéFriedrich GutmannArtwork/oeuvre d’artJudicial claim/action en justiceNegotiation/négociationNazi looted art/spoliations naziesCo-ownership/co-propriétéDaniel SearleRepurchase/rachatSettlement agreement/accord transactionnel2013/02/20 09:45:00 GMT+1DocumentLa cueillette de Pissarro – Héritiers Simon Bauer c. Bruce et Robbi Toll
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/la-cueillette-de-pissarro-2013-heritiers-simon-bauer-c-bruce-et-robbi-toll
Les héritiers de Simon Bauer, juif déporté dont la collection avait été confisquée sous le régime nazi, profitent de la présence du tableau de Pissarro « La cueillette » en France dans le cadre d’une exposition pour en demander la restitution. Le Tribunal de grande instance de Paris ordonne la restitution de la toile le 7 novembre 2017. La Cour d’appel a confirmé cette décision le 2 octobre 2018.No publisherUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionJudicial decision/décision judiciaireArtwork/oeuvre d’artJudicial claim/action en justiceProcedural issue/limites procéduralesJurisdiction/conflit de jurisdictionStatute of limitation/prescriptionNazi looted art/spoliations naziesOwnership/propriétéSimon Bauer2019/04/03 17:10:00 GMT+1Document La Bergère – Meyer Heirs and Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/la-bergere-2013-meyer-heirs-and-fred-jones-jr-museum-of-art
Raoul Meyer’s art collection, which included Camille Pissarro’s painting “La bergère rentrant des moutons”, was looted by Nazi troops during the occupation of France in early 1940s. Decades later, Meyer’s daughter and heir, Léone Meyer, discovered the painting at the Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art at the University of Oklahoma, and initiated a lawsuit in the United States seeking its return. After a three-year litigation, the two sides reached a settlement in 2016. The latter was denounced by Ms. Meyer. Eventually, the lawsuit was dropped and ownership of the painting was transferred to the Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art. No publisherJudicial decision/décision judiciaireSettlement agreement/accord transactionnelRaoul MeyerArtwork/oeuvre d’artSymbolic gesture/geste symboliqueFred Jones Jr. Museum of Art at the University of OklahomaConditional restitution/restitution sous conditionDue diligenceJudicial claim/action en justiceDonationProcedural issue/limites procéduralesCultural cooperation/coopération culturelleNazi looted art/spoliations naziesOwnership/propriétéShared custody/co-possessionLoan/prêt2017/01/16 12:55:00 GMT+1DocumentKhmer Statue – Cambodia and Sotheby’s and the United States
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/khmer-statue-2013-cambodia-and-sotheby2019s-and-the-united-states
In March 2011, Sotheby’s offered at auction in New York a Khmer statue. The statue was pulled out of the sale as a result of Cambodia’s request for its restitution. Cambodia claimed that it was illegally removed from the site Koh Ker during the 1970s and should be returned to them. No publisherOwnership/propriétéCambodia/CambodgeJudicial claim/action en justiceRuspoli Di Poggia SuasaNegotiation/négociationUnited States/États-UnisSotheby'sArchaeological object/objet archéologiqueUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionCriminal offence/infraction pénaleSettlement agreement/accord transactionnelAd hoc facilitator/facilitateur ad hocPost 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution post 19702014/06/30 16:35:00 GMT+1DocumentKennewick Man – Bonnichsen v. United States
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/kennewick-man-2013-bonnichsen-v-united-states
The skeleton of a 9,000 year old man was discovered on Federal territory near the city of Kennewick, Washington. Authorities decided to grant the request of five American Indian tribes, and transferred the remains to those tribes for burial. Several scientists, including Robson Bonnichsen, opposed the return and filed suit in the District Court of Oregon. Finding that evidence was not sufficient to link the remains to any present-day American Indian tribe, the District Court vacated the authority’s decision and ordered further examination of the remains. The Ninth Circuit affirmed the order on appeal.No publisherRequest denied/rejet de la demandeOwnership/propriétéPost 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution post 1970Judicial claim/action en justicePrivate person/personne privéeJudicial decision/décision judiciaireUnited States/États-UnisHuman remains/restes humains2013/07/29 13:35:00 GMT+1DocumentKanakaria Mosaics – Autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church of Cyprus and Cyprus v. Goldberg
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/kanakaria-mosaics-2013-autocephalous-greek-orthodox-church-of-cyprus-and-cyprus-v-goldberg
Four mosaics were stolen from the Cypriot Church of the Panagia Kanakaria in Lythrankomi, following the Turkish military intervention in Cyprus of 1974. Afterwards, they were purchased by an American art dealer, Peg Goldberg. In 1989, the Autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church of Cyprus and the Republic of Cyprus traced the mosaics to Indiana and filed a judicial claim to obtain restitution.No publisherOwnership/propriétéCyprus/ChypreJudicial claim/action en justiceDue diligenceStatute of limitation/prescriptionJudicial decision/décision judiciairePost 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution post 1970Autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church of CyprusAntiquity/antiquitésUnconditional restitution/restitution sans conditionGoldbergChoice of law/droit applicable2013/04/25 16:10:00 GMT+1DocumentKa Nefer Nefer Mask – United States v. Mask of Ka Nefer Nefer
https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/ka-nefer-nefer-mask-2013-united-states-v-mask-of-ka-nefer-nefer
On July 28, 2014, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals denied the request of the United States Government to take further legal action regarding the St. Louis Art Museum’s ownership of the 3200 year old Egyptian Ka Nefer Nefer funerary mask. No publisherOwnership/propriétéSt. Louis Art MuseumJudicial decision/décision judiciaireJudicial claim/action en justiceCriminal offence/infraction pénaleNegotiation/négociationRequest denied/rejet de la demandeArchaeological object/objet archéologiqueIllicit importation/importation illiciteUnited States/États-UnisEgypt/EgypteProcedural issue/limites procéduralesPost 1970 restitution claims/demandes de restitution post 19702015/07/17 11:45:00 GMT+1Document